Avail adopts Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS) which allows it to support up to 1,000 validators (in Mainnet). This mechanism, along with the sequential Phragmén method for reward distribution, minimizes the risk of stake centralization.
Learn more about the Phragmen method and NPoS implemented by Avail using Substrate (Polkadot SDK).
Additionally, Avail can rely on its light client P2P network (consisting of millions of interconnected LCs) instead of full nodes in case of network disruptions, enhancing its resilience.